RESO 25-128 - Adopting Pedestrian Crossing PolicyRESOLUTION NO. 25-128
A RESOLUTION ADOPTING A PEDESTRIAN CROSSING POLICY
WHEREAS, the City of Golden Valley understands that public safety is paramount
and supports the Traffic Safety Committee's efforts to improve pedestrian safety through
a transparent, data-driven process; and
WHEREAS, the City does not currently have standard criteria to determine where
pedestrian crossings should be installed and what type of crossing is warranted; and
WHEREAS, the City’s work to develop uniform standards conforms to the
requirements from the Minnesota Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, and builds
upon similar work completed by peer communities; and
WHEREAS, the City Council recognizes the importance of consistent, equitable
pedestrian safety improvements throughout the City.
NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY
OF GOLDEN VALLEY, MINNESOTA that this Council adopts the Pedestrian Crossing
Policy attached hereto as Exhibit A.
Passed by the City Council of the City of Golden Valley, Minnesota this 16th day of
December, 2025.
____________________________
Gillian Rosenquist, Mayor Pro Tempore
Attested:
____________________
Theresa Schyma, City Clerk
Docusign Envelope ID: 0091429B-3F80-4023-95AC-5376109D23BA
O FFICIAL C ITY P OLICY
C ITY OF G OLDEN V ALLEY
General Information
Policy Title: Pedestrian Crossing Policy Department: Engineering
Policy Owner (job title): City Engineer Policy ID: TBD
Council Approval Date: 12/16/2025 Resolution Number: 25-128
Effective Date: 1/1/2026 ☒New ☐Updated
Policy Overview
Policy Description:
This policy provides guidance to ensure consistent application and treatment of pedestrian crossings throughout
the city.
Purpose & Scope:
Pedestrian crossings are an integral part of transportation infrastructure that promote safety. Their effectiveness
requires careful consideration and review, including adherence to accepted guidelines, industry standards, and good
engineering practices including the consideration of crash history.
This policy establishes guidelines and considerations for consistent and equitable installation of marked crosswalks.
This policy applies to all roadways under the City’s jurisdiction. It does not apply to State, County, or private roadways
in the City.
This Policy is intended solely to guide City staff in the planning, design, operation, and maintenance of pedestrian
crossing facilities. It does not create obligations applicable to members of the public. Nevertheless, pedestrian crossing
facilities are only effective if all right-of-way users comply with traffic laws. This includes stopping at stop signs, yielding
to pedestrians crossing in marked crosswalks or at intersections without marked crosswalks, and remaining stopped
until pedestrians have cleared their lane. Likewise, pedestrians must comply with traffic laws by crossing at
intersections or within marked crosswalks and by not unexpectedly leaving a curb or other place of safety into the
path of a vehicle.
Definitions:
•Controlled Crossing: A pedestrian crossing at a location where traffic control (i.e., traffic signal or stop sign) is
present.
•School Zone: Signed segments of street or highway in close proximity to school grounds where children have
access to the roadway or where a school crossing is in place.
•School Crossing: a crossing location where 10 or more student pedestrians per hour are crossing.
•Uncontrolled Crossings: A pedestrian crossing location where sidewalks or designated walkways intersect a
roadway at a location where no traffic control (i.e., traffic signal or stop sign) is present. These common
crossing types occur at intersections (where they may be marked or unmarked) and at non-intersection or
midblock locations (where they must be marked as crossings).
Related Documents, Materials & Resources:
•MN Statute 169.011 – Subdivision 20. Crosswalk:
•MN Statute 169.21 – Subdivision 2. Rights in Absence of Signal:
Resolution No. 25-128 (Exhibit A)-2-December 16, 2025Docusign Envelope ID: 0091429B-3F80-4023-95AC-5376109D23BA
Policy
I.Policy
The City of Golden Valley may consider installing marked crosswalks where there is significant conflict between vehicles
and pedestrians. Installations must comply with State Law, the Minnesota Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices
(MnMUTCD), current engineering best practices, and this policy's guidelines. The Engineering Department, led by the
City Engineer, shall administer and implement the Pedestrian Crossing Policy for all city-controlled roadways in Golden
Valley. The City Engineer shall ensure that staff members use consistent criteria and engineering judgment to address
pedestrian crossings, except on State, County, or private roadways.
II.Authority
This policy follows Minnesota State Statutes, chapter 169 and is administered by the City Engineer for roadways under
the City's jurisdiction.
III.Responsibilities
A.The City Engineer serves as the policy owner and holds primary responsibility for reviewing, approving, and
overseeing the installation of pedestrian crossings.
B.Engineering Department staff shall evaluate candidate locations, conduct site-specific reviews, and recommend
installations based on established guidelines.
C.Where the installation of marked crosswalks is under consideration on roadways outside the City’s jurisdiction
(County or State), the City will forward pedestrian crossing requests to and work collaboratively with the
appropriate agencies to evaluate and implement improvements where warranted. At these locations, the
decision of whether a crossing is installed is ultimately made by the agency that has jurisdiction.
D.Staff shall collaborate with adjacent schools, businesses, housing developments, and other significant pedestrian
generators to understand crossing needs.
IV.Determination Factors for Installing Pedestrian Crossings
City staff shall use the following factors to determine whether to install marked pedestrian crossings and related
treatments:
A.Presence of multi-use trails or school crossings.
B.Number of pedestrians or bicyclists crossing per hour (pph) during the peak hour.
1.Staff count children, older adults, and pedestrians with disabilities as 1.5 persons each for volume
thresholds.
C.Roadway geometry, including the configuration and lane design of intersections.
D.Volume and speed of vehicular traffic.
E.Crash history at the site or along the corridor.
F.Designation of the location as a school crossing (defined by 10 or more student pedestrians per hour), a school
zone, or part of a Safe Routes to School Plan.
G.Whether the location serves a multi-use trail, such as the Luce Line Trail.
H.Equity considerations including areas with:
1.Higher populations of youth, older adults, and people with disabilities.
Resolution No. 25-128 (Exhibit A)-3-December 16, 2025Docusign Envelope ID: 0091429B-3F80-4023-95AC-5376109D23BA
2.Proximity to schools or other senior/youth pedestrian generators.
3.High public-transit use.
4.A history of pedestrian or bicyclist crashes.
V.Crossings at Stop-Controlled Intersections
A.For approaches to intersections controlled by stop signs, the following criteria shall be used to evaluate whether
a crossing is appropriate:
1.Proximity to a school crossing, school zone, or Safe Routes to School crossing.
2.Multi-use trail crossing.
3.Combined pedestrian (including bicyclist) volumes of 60 or more per hour during peak hours, as well as
vehicular daily volumes of 3,000 or more.
Based on the above guidelines, City staff should install a standard crosswalk marking if they determine that a
marked crossing at a location controlled by a stop sign is appropriate. If one approach to an all-way stop-
controlled intersection meets the criteria for a marked crosswalk, City staff should consider marking all
approaches with existing pedestrian facilities, unless they prohibit crossing on an approach.
VI.Crossing Treatment Selection and Installation
A.Staff shall review uncontrolled crossing locations using the Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Location Treatment
Flowchart (Figure 1); if appropriate, staff shall apply the Decision Guide for Crossing Treatments (Table 1) to
select additional treatments such as in-roadway signs or Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs).
B.At roundabout-controlled intersections, staff shall follow roundabout design standards in MnDOT's Facility
Design Guide instead of the uncontrolled crossing guidelines.
C.Engineering Department staff shall install marked crosswalks at signalized and stop-controlled intersections per
established design standards.
D.Where warranted by stop sign-controlled crosswalk criteria, staff shall install standard crosswalk markings and, if
one approach qualifies at an all-way stop, consider marking all approaches with pedestrian facilities unless
crossing is prohibited.
VII.References
This policy is based on the review and compilation of crossing research and policies, including, but not limited to: FHWA
Guide for Improving Pedestrian Safety at Uncontrolled Crossing Locations; MnDOT Technical Memorandum No. 15-01-T-
01, the Dakota County Pedestrian Crossing Safety Assessment; Hennepin County Unsignalized Crosswalk Enhancement
Evaluation; City of Edina Pedestrian Crossing Policy; City of Maplewood Crossing Policy.
Resolution No. 25-128 (Exhibit A)-4-December 16, 2025Docusign Envelope ID: 0091429B-3F80-4023-95AC-5376109D23BA
No Action
Recommended
Direct Pedestrians to Nearest
Marked or Protected Crossing?
Go to Table 1
ADT ≥1,000 vpd (1)
School Crossing*, School
Zone**, or Safe Routes to
School Plan***?
Multi-Use Trail Crossing?
Adequate Stopping Sight
Distance? (8x speed limit)
Meets Minimum Pedestrian
Volume Thresholds? (2)
Nearest Marked or Protected
Crossing ≥ 300’ away? (4)(6)
Feasible to Remove Sight
Distance Obstruction?
Location Directly Serves a
Key Destination or Active
Transportation Facility? (3)
N
N
N
N
N
Feasible
Not Feasible
Y
(1) Exception to the 1,000 vpd minimum roadway volume threshold may be
made for School Crossings* where the peak hour traffic exceeds 10% of daily
traffic
(2) Minimum Pedestrian Volume Thresholds:
• 20 pedestrians per hour**** in any one hour, or
• 18 pedestrians per hour**** in any two hours, or
• 15 pedestrians per hour**** in any three hours
* School Crossing: A location where 10 or more student pedestrians cross per
hour.
** School Zone: Signed segment of a street or highway in close proximity
to school grounds where children have access to the roadway or where a
school crossing is in place.
*** Crossing is a part of a City-approved Safe Routes to School Plan.
**** Children, older adults, and pedestrians with disabilities count 1.5
times towards volume thresholds.
(3) Key destinations must be existing (or proposed per staff review to be
compliant) and could include, but are not limited to, a school, hospital, senior
center, recreation or community center, library, bus stop, transit center and/or
other land use subject to staff review. Active Transportation facilities include
multi-use trails or shared use paths.
(4) The National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) defines
an approximate three minute out-of-direction walk as the threshold where
risk-taking behaviors by multimodal users occur because pedestrians naturally
want to travel along the quickest and most direct path. Using the Minnesota
Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices’ (MnMUTCD) 3.5 ft/s travel speed for
pedestrians, this equates to 630 feet, or 315 feet in either direction from the
crosswalk (for travel to nearest crossing and back). The MnMUTCD states that
the minimum distance allowable between crossing locations is 300 feet.
(5) The nearest marked crossing or protected crossing should have existing
pedestrian facility connections to the proposed crossing location.
City of Golden Valley Pedestrian Crossing Policy
Figure 1. Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Location Treatment Flowchart
Y
Start Here
N
YN
Y Y
Y
Y
Resolution No. 25-128 (Exhibit A)-5-December 16, 2025Docusign Envelope ID: 0091429B-3F80-4023-95AC-5376109D23BA
Roadway Configuration
# of lanes
crossed
to
reach a
refuge(1)
Roadway ADT and Posted Speed
1,000-4,000 vpd 4,000-9,000 vpd (2) 9,000-12,000 vpd 12,000-15,000 vpd > 15,000 vpd
≤ 30
mph 35 mph 40 mph ≤ 30
mph 35 mph 40 mph ≤ 30
mph 35 mph 40 mph ≤ 30
mph 35 mph 40 mph ≤ 30
mph 35 mph 40 mph
2 Lanes with & without
Refuge Island (1)1 or 2 A A A A B A A B D B C D C C D
3 Lanes with Refuge
Island (1)1 or 2 A A A A B B A B D B D D D D D
3 Lanes without Refuge
Island (1)3 A B B C C C C C D C D E D E F
4 Lanes with Refuge
Island (1)2 B B D B D D D D E D E F
4 Lanes without Refuge
Island (1)4 C C D C D E D E F E E F
5 Lanes with Refuge
Island (1)2 or 3 E E E E E F E F F
5 Lanes without Refuge
Island (1)5 E E F E F F F F F
Notes:
(1) To be considered a pedestrian refuge island, the roadway median must have a width of at least 6 ft (10-12 ft preferred)
(2) Additional treatments may be considered if suitable gaps in traffic for safe crossing are not available
Treatment Descriptions
A
Install Marked Crosswalk with Roadside Signs
Specific Guidance: Install marked crosswalk with signs mounted on the side of the roadway (W11-2 and W16-7P) with standard advance pedestrian warning signs
(W11-2); use S1-1 signs for School crossing locations. Parking restrictions and pedestrian lighting should be considered to improve pedestrian visibility where
feasible.
B
Install Marked Crosswalk with Roadside and In-Road Signs and Stop Bars
Specific Guidance: All items included in Treatment A, plus “Stop Here for Pedestrians” (R1-5) signs and stop bars should be included. “State Law – Stop for Pedestrian”
(R1-6) signs mounted in-roadway can be considered on roadways with a traffic volume over 4,000 vehicles per day and where over 50 pedestrians per day are
expected. In-roadway signs shall be placed on the centerline of the roadway and should not be placed at mid-block crossing locations. In-roadway signs can be used
seasonally and removed during the winter or be used only during certain times of the day (i.e. at school crossings).
C
Install Marked Crosswalk with Signs and Geometric Improvements to Increase Visibility and Reduce Exposure
Specific Guidance: All items included in Treatment A and B, plus curb extensions or median refuge islands to shorten the pedestrian crossing distance and increase
pedestrian visibility to motorists should be considered where feasible
D
Install Marked Crosswalk with Signs and Pedestrian Activated Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs) and/or Geometric Improvements to Increase Pedestrian
Visibility and Reduce Exposure
Specific Guidance: All items included in Treatment A and B, plus pedestrian activated RRFBs. In addition, geometric improvements such as curb extensions or median
refuge islands to shorten the pedestrian crossing distance and increase pedestrian visibility to motorists should be considered where feasible.
E
Install Marked Crosswalk with Signs and Pedestrian Activated Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs), enhanced LED pedestrian crossing warning signage, and/
or Geometric Improvements to Increase Pedestrian Visibility and Reduce Exposure
Specific Guidance: All items included in Treatment A and Treatment D, but with enhanced LED pedestrian crossing warning signage.
F
Do Not Install Uncontrolled Crossing. Consider HAWK Beacon, Pedestrian Traffic Signal, or Grade-separated Crossing.
Specific Guidance: Consider HAWK Beacon, pedestrian traffic signal, or grade-separated crossing. The application of these treatments will consider corridor signal
progression, existing grades, physical constraints, and other engineering factors.
Consider Lane Reduction: Review the roadway volumes to determine if a lane reduction can be implemented prior to potential crossing improvements
City of Golden Valley Pedestrian Crossing Policy
Table 1. Decision Guide for Crossing Treatments
Resolution No. 25-128 (Exhibit A)-6-December 16, 2025Docusign Envelope ID: 0091429B-3F80-4023-95AC-5376109D23BA